Chronemics and Proxemics

Chronemics and ProxemicsWe ar living in an era where intercourse is crucial. We atomic number 18 communicating in order to achieve something, to pull our feelings or to sort out some problems we communicate to get soulfulness to do something, to behave in a certain appearance.We put up do all these things saying nothing at all. Our eubstance does all the talking. At this conclusion got Albert Mehrabian whose research material showed that the verbal messages without footfall or poetic rhythm of the voice have save 7 % impact. The remaining 93% consists of tone of voice and other sounds occurring during the livery act and non-verbal cues, 38% and 55% respectively.Non-verbal converse falls into seven categoriesParalanguage,Proxemics,Haptics,Chronemics,Artifacts,Kinesics,Environment,Paralanguage is the lore of vocal qualities that usually cooccur with address. It includes the rhythm, pitch and the tempo of our voice, also our crying, snoring or laughing. Through parala nguage we can say what it is the emotional state f a person if he is sad, happy nervous or even if he is sincere. some(prenominal) cultures rely on paralanguage especially on the tone of voice, to reassure the meaning of the words. These languages argon Thai, Vietnamese or Chinese.Proxemics refers to how near people atomic number 18 to something or to other people. E. T. Hall coined the term of proxemics from the Latin root prox- and the postfix -emic as in proximity and systemic. He defined it as the science that studies how people usually organize their piazza, their houses and the surfaces where they work.Proxemics has lead fundamental argonas space, distance and territory. correspond to proxemics spatial extension, Hall proposed a classification of this manner. His theory states that the proxemic behavior covers up three dimensions micro-, meso-, and macrospace.Microspace deals with the immediate surroundings (ProxemicsThe semiotics of Space p411) of a person, this space is considered more private, mesospace is the further proximate surround within the persons reach (ProxemicsThe Semiotics of Space p411) and macrospace is the space that extends over vast territories ending by practical application up cities.In what concerns the distance area of the interaction, Hall identifies four levels of distances intimate distance is up to 45 cm from the body, the individual does not go forth anyone in this space, since it requires extensive contact.The personal distance is the invisible barrier that soulfulness builds in order to separate him from the other people. It extends from 45 to 120 cm.The friendly distance ranges from 120 to 360 cm this type of distance we often bump into in classrooms and in different configurations of meetings.From 360 cm further we talk somewhat the public distance, where the person it is outside his circle of activities, events, interests. This is the perfect distance desired by strangers.Haptics, or the tactile communica tion, sometimes is use to replace the speech act even if it is considered the most primitive way of communication. Edward Hall showed in his studies that there are cultures that tend to encourage touching and some cultures that do not. Contact cultures are many Central American cultures as considerably as many south European countries. In Thailand, Sri Lanka touching the transfer is restricted because the head is considered to be sacred.The nature of haptics is influenced not solo by the culture only if also by the relationship between the interacting people, by their age, by the situation, and the duration of the touching act, as well as by its location, if it is done in private or publicly it is also influenced by the relative pressure of the touch and by its intentional or inadvertent nature.Chronemics refers to the non-verbal channel of time, especially how people perceive the notion and the value of time. It is a powerful tool to cope how to organize your time and how to react in time. People agendas, their lifestyle, their patience to wait and listen are affected by the correct use of time.Time is perceived differently in every corner of the world. For people in the United States, time is something concrete, perceptible. To them it can be bought, saved, wasted and measured they plan what they want to do and to go by. For Arabs instead, an individual who wants to know his future is seen as irreligious or insane, because in their culture only God can say what will or will not take place.Artifacts, though as irrelevant as it seems at first, are important factors of our non-verbal behavior. Our belongings show who we very are, they serve us to relegate our true identity and separate us from the group. Sometimes you can agnize a persons culture by what he or she wears. You will postulate clearly that a man dressed in a kimono is from lacquer and a woman who wears a veil belongs to a Muslim country.The environment like all the artifacts contains information too. People only have to decode this information. The things we surround ourselves with, provide non-verbal cues which tells lots of things about us. The way, in which we decorate our house, factors such as furniture, colors, temperature, noise, and even music whitethorn have a mold effect on people. Many supermarkets strategically use the environmental factors to place products. Childrens products are located on lower shelves so they could be swooning to see and all the products that can be bought impulsively are placed near exit areas where they are more easily to grab.Kinesics is the category of non-verbal communication that includes nervus facial nerveis expressions, eye gaze, gestures and posture. Any small-arm of the body that can be moved also can be used to send non-verbal messages. The radical channels of kinesics are the face, hands and arms. Unlike other body move these ones, are highly expressive.1.2. Body Language as a scientific discipline (Kines ics)We act and react to one another through more shipway than we can imagine these ways does not always involve words. most of the messages we send to other people are nonverbal they include our facial expressions, gestures, eye contact, and posture.Throughout years, many scholars and anthropologists like Ray Birdwhistell were concerned with the drive of this type of communication that is called kinesics, with its evolution, development and its distinctions among the cultures. A useful scheme of non-verbal behavior was suggested in 1969 by Paul Ekman and Wallace Friesen. They proposed five categories of non-verbal movement which are emblems, regulators, illustrators, affect pageants, and adaptors.Emblems are direct communication signals that indicate certain words they are used especially when verbal communication is problematic. These signs made by our hands, shoulders, or facial movements may also replace a word and can stand for a reply without any verbal messages.Regulators u nlike the three movements mentioned above, interact with the actions and the movements of another person. These movements form stimulants for other individual to speak pronto or to slow down term talking. We can use these regulators in a positive manner, to encourage someone to speak, or in a negative way by making him loose his interest in talking.Illustrations accompany verbal messages they are made by our hands, head or even feet. Usually they back up the verbal message, helping us to get through a difficult idea.The term affect display stands for emotional expressions, those movements of the face or of the body that have a disguise emotional content like anger, happiness, disappointment, rage. The signals are involuntary and may happen whenever something provokes an emotion even if these things are environmental factors like beautiful landscapes, thunders or sunrises.Manipulators initially were called adaptors they repre displace daily behaviors that are used to make a person feel comfortable in a social interaction. These are actions that include our hands pressing something, fingers scratching the palm or vie with a pencil or a piece of clothing.The phenomenon of Kinesics has known an majuscule increase in the last decade, the ability to understand and to use nonverbal cues, body signals being a powerful tool that can help us connect with others, navigate in challenging situations, express what we really mean and thus building better relationships.1.3. The Functions of Non-Verbal CommunicationThe overall functions of body language as well as of the non-verbal communication are emphasizingWhen we interact, we pay attention to the meaning of the message. For example, when someone is angry and he verbally expresses this anger, he will accent this feeling further more by shaking his fist while talking.ModeratingModerating is the opposite part of accenting it seeks to reduce attention on the message you attenuate a part of the message you send, in differ ent ways and you transform it by making it difficult to understand. Moderating happens when you talk quicker than usual.ComplementingComplementing is considered similar to accenting, but covers a wider part of the message. It goes hand in hand with verbal messages when we are talking about sad things we lower our head and we use a sad tone in order to accent those sad things we are talking about.SubstitutingSometimes non-verbal language is simply the best way in which you can communicate. Whenever there are things that are better unexpended unsaid, we use the substituting function. We replace the words with non-verbal language.People are used to these non-verbal signals they learn to identify gestures, facial expressions as corresponding with certain feelings and intentions.ContradictingContradicting authority sending non-verbal messages that disagree with what is being said. These non-verbal cues are done either intentionally, to stump a person by changing the message or it may happen at the subconscious level when somebody tells a lie. ruleRegulating consists of those non-verbal signals, regulators, which we use to send signals to another person. Usually these are signals link to the speech of the other individual. It is used around starting and ending speech you send some signals that will make him either speak faster or stop talking.RepeatingRepeating with non-verbal cues happens like in complementing or accenting, but with a certain interval between the verbal and non-verbal communication. by and by you say something and there was no reaction, a gesture or a facial expression will reinforce the verbal message you sent earlier.DeceivingNon-verbal signals can be used to lie. It is not easy to send this kind of messages you must be in perfect control of your all facial muscles in order to deceive someone. Saying you did not do it, while sounding insulted at the accusation, or rubbing your nose are only some of the signs that show the fact that you are l ying.

Causes of the Financial Crisis in the US

Causes of the Financial Crisis in the USINTERNATIONAL BUSINESSDuring the later on half of the 20th century U.S rescue was the well-nigh powerful parsimony in the humanity, they set the rules for rest of the world. They established multinational corporations all over the world which was indeed the heart of world economy. (Davis, 2009). When the U.S economy was climb, all the former(a) countries economy were also growing, at the state(prenominal) time when their economy went down it affected almost all the some other importing and exporting countries in the world because of the recent c devises which was named as world-wide FINANCIAL CRISIS. This was meant to be the biggest crises after THE GREAT DEPRESSION 1930 (Cambridge Journal of Economics, 2009). The crises rich person already recorded loss of over $150 billion and prominent number of banking institutions have state bankruptcy or being sold.(Kregel, 2008) championness among the banks filed for bankruptcy was Lehman Brothers, which was Fourth biggishst investment bank in U.S. (BBC, 2009). Therefore it is Coperni stop to identify causes of current monetary crises and resolution mea accrediteds. Secondly, UK government should ware efficient steps in assemble to reduce danger of further crises (Turner, 2009)During later part of the 19th century that is 1973 Daniel bell published a password titled THE COMING OF POST INDUSTRIAL nine. The book was closely forecasting to find the changes in economy and society in fall in state. One of the most visible changes according to him was the locomote force duty period from manufacturing and agriculture to service based indus see which he named as POST-INDUSTRIAL SOCIETY. The author was right in his prediction because today only 10% of the total labour force is employed in agriculture and manufacturing industry. mingled with the period December 2000 and May 2009 US lost more than 5.25 one million million million employees in manufacturing sector . There were many problems in durable goods industry, particularly in auto manufacturing industry. Two or more companies in that sector declared bankruptcy which stated that there was lot more bad intelligence service to come. Comparatively, manufacturing jobs were long cultivationing on an average of 8 years compared to an average of 3 years in service industry. The shift was driven by Wal-Mart. The firm employed about 1.4 million employees in 2009 which was more than that of 20 humongousst American manufacturing companies together.This caused changes to occur in pension off financing and plenty started investiture in mutual hold certificates. This happened through change in pension pecuniary that took over small tot to mutual fund from large amount of investment savings. This created pressure for high returns and also takes away the option of staying with a single firm. This enabled growth of institutional investors. Huge amount of portable pension funds were managed by banks, mutual funds and insurance firms. Nearly chiliad corporation shares were owned by institutional investors in 2005, with mutual fund taking maximum of 10% or more in hundreds of corporations. For manufacturers the of import focus was on share value which lot OME model (Original equipment manufacturer) which mode the production is out sourced to other external organizations. Other than manufacturers, functions much(prenominal) as HR and IT etc were also outsourced. This s mooly made drastic changes in tralatitious corporation where it became empty. They were concerned mainly about turning the out-sourced products into branded commodities. This shows that the stock commercialise existed only for intangible assets. (Davis, 2009)Now we shall discuss about the causes of the world(prenominal) monetary crisisOne of the main reasons for the crises was the housing let the cat out of the bag. A housing blab is an economies ruffle that occurs in local or international market . The recent financial crises started eventually in 2001 with the busting of U.S housing bubble and reached its peak in 2005.Basically it is said when there is a rapid increase in real demesne prises until it touches its peak and reaches unsustainable level. The bubble in the houses was identified in 2006 after the market correction. Former chairman of Federal Reserve Board, Alan Greenspan said in 2007 that they had bubble in housing but it was very late until they realized in 2005 and 2006 (Bianco, 2008)Many economists believe that the main reason behind housing bubble was caused by low interest rate set up by the Federal bank. The interest rates were reduced to 1% from 6.5%, this made great deal to mortgage their property against the contribute. The banks in return encouraged everyone to obtain loan against their mortgages because real estate prices were at its peak. business.cch.com When inflation began in 2004, US national withdrew monetary accommodation, they started increa sing the interest rate and mortgages payment also started rising apparently. Tight money policy came into play and there was a slap-up demand of money and therefore house prices fell. Banks and other financial institutions financed at very low rate, and when interest rates started raising there were corpulent chance of default by the subprime borrowers thus default by such borrowers led to losses. Though the loans were secured and were sold to special institutional vehicles (SIVs) the losses were quiesce bourn by banks and other institutions (Mohan, 2009)Deregulation of financial system gave rise to tradable pricks through securitization. Securitization means turning an asset or credit wag debt into tradable instrument. This system made household to become twain investors and issuers of securities. Thus employment in different form of capital emerged which was unstable and did not last for long which caused the financial crises (Davis, 2009). Apparently US government failed to manage their cunning deficit. The housing bubble was mainly caused by cheap credit and low interest rate rates. The main reason for cheap credit was there was a lot Chinese capital in U.S. And that is because US imports most of the products from china and sells it at a cheap rate to its consumers (Weismann, 2008)Global large Economy Imbalance According to Portes (2009) global macro economy was one of the major underlying reasons of the financial crises. This is because of saving investments and huge cross hedge capital flow made a lot of pressure on financial intermediation process, these unbalances with flaw in the financial market and instrument together became one of the specific features of crises (Mohan, 2009).In view of the current crisis, the UK presidential term can initiate the following actions to prevent another crisisLooking at the long term , we think of what should be done in order to avoid danger of future crises, it is clear that macro economy imbalance was one of the major underlying reason, so it is better UK government try to find the problems which lie at the interface amongst macro economy policy and financial system regulation.Few more things that government should moot are they should make sure that they protect the needs of ordinary people when the information is costly to acquire. Next measure is the government should make sure that internalises significant externalities. This is in contrast to the currency regulatory frame work which does not focus on externalities and it also provides incentives for the institutions to become very large to fail or too interconnected to fail, because the larger the institution the more interconnected and higher the risk of escaping during crises.( Brunnermeier, 2009)The government should also focus on systematic risk contribution because during the financial crises losses tend to spread over other financial institutions also. The government should try to form a regulation that reduces the risk of spreading over the losses to financial institutions. A financial contribution to systematic risk can be large because of its correlation with financial difficulties among the other institutes or causes financial difficulties at other institutes. Therefore new measures should be taken to reduce the risk of both the channels. (Brunnermeier, 2009)According to Turner (2009), liquidity management and new regulations help to minify liquidity risk. The future rules and regulations should be monitored effectively (Turner, 2009).Asset price booms can be regulated by implementing strict fiscal and monetary policies. These policies should take into consideration price stabilization and macro-financial stability. There has to be effective co-ordination between domestic and international policies. The UK Government should try to stabilize all the financial institutions that hold illiquid assets. The regulators have to combine macro-prudential and macro economic analysis by using sectoral an alysis (Turner 2009).REFERENCESBrunnermeier, M.K., (2009) Financial Crisis Mechanisms, Prevention and Management Online Princeton University. lendable at http//66.102.9.132/search?q=cache2lGCaBp37xYJfmg.lse.ac.uk/upload_file/1197_BrunnermeierPaper.pdf+http//fmg.lse.ac.uk/upload_file/1197_BrunnermeierPaper.pdfcd=1hl=enct=clnkgl=uk accessed 28 February 2010BBC., (2009) Timeline Credit Crunch to Downturn Online functional at http//news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/7521250.stm accessed 28 February 2010Bianco, K.M., (2008) The Subprime Lending Crisis Causes and Effects of the owe Meltdown Online CCH Mortgage Compliance Guide and Bank Digest. Available at http//docs.google.com/ watcher?a=vq=cacheVf9c_0SfRl4Jbusiness.cch.com/bankingfinance/focus/news/Subprime_WP_rev.pdf+http//business.cch.com/bankingfinance/focus/news/Subprime_WP_rev.pdfhl=engl=ukpid=blsrcid=ADGEESj5j4t_00aCZcSuhO6_qF6EZO99uP_P34gAGd2f_A7I_C2MVjlkbSVcFqc6FpAPGyYECW5sPQG6k_k4ja-tXrsL2EsZd8alQZk0U9n7Esqh31V1F9pwowYc1IeTo-U3I5vHAR9Ksig= AHIEtbT1hFiNcXHdS3Y4lgV7AYIRF1xY4g accessed 28 February 2010Crotty, J., (2008) Structural Causes of the Global Financial Crisis A Critical Assessmentof the raw(a) Financial Architecture Online PERI Political Economy Research Institute, University of Massachusetts Amherst. Available at http//cje.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/33/4/563 accessed 28 February 2010Davis, G.F., (2009) The stick up and Fall of Finance and the End of the Society of Organizations Online Available at http//docs.google.com/viewer?a=vq=cacheZorkG-ZL1xoJwebuser.bus.umich.edu/gfdavis/davis_09_AMP.pdf+http//webuser.bus.umich.edu/gfdavis/davis_09_AMP.pdfhl=engl=ukpid=blsrcid=ADGEESjziDXUPSnMjim8GZyAz8aK9YRHi-xpS8SYDDv3l4gtQ9hV0ahiOz8oXWhb9zGr-HAAkRmaRdH34zQJuaoZpLyEv_QopXWxlCvjM7CuFPsiWbmUdqY-b-hZ1KQL4The1skEpDsig=AHIEtbSoJoJuRiAosw1OGQqy3G2BrQEutg accessed 28 February 2010Mohan, R., (2009) Global Financial Crisis- Causes, Impact, Policy responses and LessonsOnline one-year India Business Forum Conferen ce, London Business School. Available at http//www.bis.org/ look into/r090506d.pdf accessed 28 February 2010Turner, A., (2009) The Financial Crisis and the Future of Financial Regulation Online The Economists Inaugural city Lecture, Financial Services Authority. Available at http//www.fsa.gov.uk/pages/Library/Communication/Speeches/2009/0121_at.shtml accessed 28 February 2010Weissman, R., (2008) Deregulation and Financial Crisis Online The Huffington Post. Available at http//www.huffingtonpost.com/robert-weissman/deregulation-and-the-fina_b_82639.html accessed 28 February 2010

Effect Of Exercise On The Human Body Physical Education Essay

Effect Of Exercise On The Human Body physical Education EssayThe gain in the prevalence of obesity has date stampmed to tame to an change over magnitude in the trend of healthy eating and figure out oer the years (Flegal, Carroll, Ogden Johnson, 2002). Inte tarryingly, f atomic number 18 is actually considered a form of stress, as it is a disruption of homoeostasis (P grimman Smith, 2011, p.22). Exercise is define as a single discriminating b come in of bodily exertion or sizable bodily process that requires an pulmonary tuberculosis of vitality above resting level and that in most, but non all, cases runs in voluntary move aroundment (Plowman Smith, 2011, p.705). When we run our material em eubstanceling rate rises, our hefts move scurrying, our respiratory rate affix, and so on. When we lift weights our muscles be pushed to work harder either via repetition and sets or the amount we lift. During these sentence periods, our automobile trunk is struggli ng to maintain homoeostasis a healthy form of stress that can make the human trunk more efficient and productive.Exercise ordain happen upon each g everyplacening body variantly and different effect exit print the different governing bodys differently. It is tell that health-related physical fitness is composed of comp unmatchednts representing cardiovascular-respiratory endurance, metabolism and muscular fitness (Plowman Smith, 2011, p.22). In other words, the main carcasss that are affected by exercise are our cardiovascular, respiratory, and muscular corpses. Exercise too affects our metabolism, which is non a dust on its own however is a key component to provided expertness for our body.When we exercise, we consume ability. at that placefore power production, or metabolism, is affected by exercise. Metabolism is defined as the the total of all energy transformations that occur in the body (Plowman Smith, 2011, p. 27). To make adenosine tripohophate (ATP), the bodys form of energy, from the food we consume we use a carry through called cellular respiration. Our resources included carbohydrates, triglycerides and amino acids. Through carbohydrate metabolism, we are able to break down carbohydrates into glucose or animal starch. From at that place our glucose or glycogen pull up stakes go through the process of glycolysis to make pyruvate or lactic acid. The acids thence commence acetyl coenzyme A, which would then go through the Kreb cycle and the negatron transport placement to create ATP. From our carbohydrate we get a kitchen stove of thirty to thirty-three ATPs depending on the muscle group and if glucose on glycogen was ease up. With triglycerides, we must break it down into fatty acids and glycerol. The fatty acids then go through the process of beta oxidation to create acetyl coenzyme A. The bend of ATP formed depends on the number of carbon pairs lay down in the triglyceride. Amino acids make about ten to fifteen p ercent of our energy supply and thitherfore are use as a endure resort (Plowman Smith, 2011).During exercise, the goal of metabolism is to do three things. First, increase militarisation and usage of the free fatty acids in adipose tissue and intramuscular stores. Second, belittle the amount of glucose sent to muscles that are not world used while still direct some to our neuronic system specially our brain. Third, increase the breakdown of glucose stores in the liver and muscles. This creates glucose from non-carbohydrate sources (Plowman Smith, 2011).We used a different source of energy depending on the type of exercise. If the duration of the exercise were to subside and or if there is an increase in intensity then carbohydrates would become our main source. However, if we increase our duration and decreased our intensity the many sources would be triglycerides. When the duration is longer than an hour that is when amino acids make a humble contribution to the energy pr oduction. The effects of exercise on our metabolism, in turn, affect the efficiency of other systems in the body, such as the respiratory system. man exercising, one of the first things we mentally note is a hang on over in is our Respiratory System. This is quite simply be driving force of the gamey demand for energy, exercise creates. Our respiratory system is used to provided energy via aerobic metabolism, in other words, it brings in the oxygen we study to create ATP. on that pointfore, it makes sense that we tipe more frequently to befriend our body get the energy it needs. To speed up the process, it would be best if the rate at which oxygen disassociated from haemoglobin increased. This is exactly what happens. hither is how as we create more energy the waste product, carbon dioxide, as well as increases. Therefore our partial force of carbon dioxide increase and because of the carbonic acid-bicarbonate mince system, there is as well as a decrease in the pH level s (Martini, Ober Nath, 2012). There is in like manner an increase in body temperatures, which is a byproduct of energy production. These conditions increase the rate of dissociation of oxygen from the protein haemoglobin.What is interesting is our misconception with the idea of our respiratory system as a limiting factor. The phrase, I am out of breath, is commonly heard by runners and gym goers. However, our level of respiratory action mechanism is almost equal to the rate of work being done. If we take our increased activity into hand and our respiratory systems gargantuan reserve, we find that the respiratory system does not limit our ability to exercise in any demeanor (Plowman Smith, 2011, p.385).We do not see many adaptions in the respiratory system as a result of information. As a stressor, exercise does not stress the limitations of the respiratory system and as a result, we do not see any long or short term changes. There are some changes in the respiratory system as a result of water ground exercises. We find that they have a amplyer(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) lung al-Quran and capacities. The reason for this is un existn. However, there is a theory that swimmerbreath against the resistance of water, using a restricted breathing pattern with repeated expansion of the lungs to total capacity (Plowman Smith, 2011, p.305). Swimmers also do work in the horizontal position a position optimal for perfusion of the lung and diffusion of respiratory gases (Plowman Smith, 2011, p.307). In swimmers, we also find that there is a report of higher diffusion capacity. This is also seen in runners. However, this is more likely due to circulative changes.A slight increase in our arcminute ventilation is also seen as a result of training version. Minute ventilation or minute volume is defined as the amount of air approach shot into and leaving the respiratory system per minute (Martini, Ober Nath, 2012). It is the components of minute volume that we see the change in, which affects the minute volume. Minute volume equals to how many breaths we take per minute times our tidal volume. Our tidal volume is the amount of air you move into or out of your lungs during a single respiratory cycle infra resting conditions in other words, it is quite breathing (Martini, Ober Nath, 2012, p. 739). With exercise, our tidal volume adapts and increases at rest. Therefore, individual who frequently exercise result develop a large tidal volume. As a result, the minute volume is higher subsequently training than before, allowing for the ability to increase our endurance (Plowman Smith, 2011).Besides these changes, we do not see a lot of long-term adaptations in the respiratory system as a result of exercise. The changes mentioned are also very minimal. An field of operations we see a lot changes in response to exercise is our cardiovascular system and muscular system. The ability to deliver oxygen (and other substances) depends on th e proper going of the cardiovascular system (Plowman Smith, 2011, p.323). As we exercise the need for oxygen increases and carbon dioxide concentration in our blood increase. Chemoreceptor and baroreceptors detect this change in the blood. To get the proper resources to the proper place certain factors of our cardiovascular system start to increase during exercise. These factors include our stroke volume, heart rate, cardiac output, and systolic blood press. Stroke volume is the amount of blood that is ejected from the heart after every beat the amount per minute is the cardiac output. systolic blood pressure is the blood pressure during a contraction (Plowman Smith, 2011). The kind of exercise will affect how much these factors will increase or how rapidly it will increase. For example, during the short term, light to moderate aerobic exercise make our factors increase rapidly. However, during incremental exercise, our factors will increase in a rectilinear fashion as the workl oad increases.Our vascular system also plays an important role as we exercise. When exercising we find that there is a decrease in resistance of the arteries and veins, in other words, we see an increase in vasodilatation. This allows for more blood to go to working muscle, while reservation sure the blood pressure does not rise excessively (Plowman Smith, 2011). Our cardiovascular system will also contribute to maintaining homoeostasis of our body temperatures.When it comes to thermoregulation the environment surround our bodies can be very influential. However, our body is able to maintain an infixed temperature via metabolic light production, body heat radiation, conduction, convection and evaporation. Our cardiovascular system plays a role by capturing the heat exerted by our muscular system and sending them to be released via our peripheral vascular system. One of our primary defences against heat stress, especially while exercising, is sweating. However, there are situati ons where the thermoregulatory and metabolic demands are not fit out by the cardiovascular systems. In this case, an individual can develop heat illness such as heat exhaustion and heatstroke. That is why it is important for those who exercise to keep hydrated before, during and after exercise (Plowman Smith, 2011).Over time we will find that exercise will cause our cardiovascular system to adapt. With endurance training, we will see an increase in blood volume and plasma volume. However, the increase in plasma volume will be seen at the beginning of the training while blood volume increase will not happen until much later. As a result of endurance training, individuals develop a lower heart rate at rest as well as the maximal oxygen intake (Plowman Smith, 2011).Approximately forty percent of the deaths in America are caused by cardiovascular unsoundness. One of the top cardiovascular diseases is coronary thrombosis heart disease. However, there are studies that show exercise can reduce the risk of coronary heart disease. Exercise can even reduce the risk of factors that cause cardiovascular diseases such as properties of metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome is characterised by high visceral abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, reduced glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, and hypertension. Together, these are factors that can cause cardiovascular diseases. By exercising, we can reduce the risk of many diseases, not in effect(p) one (Plowman Smith, 2011).The second system that is largely affected by exercise is our pinched muscular system. Generally, our skeletal muscles are important for posture, heat generation, and motion. To help perform these actions our nervous system plays the control our skeletal muscles. A repulse unit is the juntos of the motor neurone and the muscle references it stimulates. ATP plays an important role here. This is because one neurone gives the signal for the muscle fibres to contract the muscle fibres will need the ene rgy to contract and then relax (Plowman Smith, 2011).Human muscle fibres are categorized by contracted properties and metabolic properties. From the contractile perspective, we have fast- nip off fibres and slow- move reflexively fibres. The ability for the fibre to contract slowly or quickly has more to do with the motor neurone then the fibre. Alpha-1 motor neurones are larger, have high recruitment threshold, and faster conductivity velocity innervate fast twitch fibres. Alpha 2 motor neurones are smaller, have slower conduction velocity and low recruitment threshold innervate slow twitch fibres. Metabolically, fast twitch fibres can make energy via oxidation and glycolytic metabolism or only if glycolytic metabolism. However, slow twitch fibres can only make energy via aerophilous metabolism (Plowman Smith, 2011).Through studies, we have found that athletes that practice endurance activities will have a higher percentage of slow twitch fibres. Individuals who are involved i n resistance activities will have a higher percentage of fast twitch fibres. However, it is believed that this is more genetically based, then based on nurture. That is to say, that it is easier for some who has a high amount of fast twitch fibres will be better at resistance activities. While those with high slow twitch fibres are better at endurance activities. Therefore, the contractile properties of muscle fibres cannot be changed via exercise however, our metabolic properties can be. It is possible for training to cause enough fast twitch fibres to change metabolically, so that they switch from oxidative-glycolytic metabolism to glycolytic metabolism (Plowman Smith, 2011).While training and exercising, we must be certain of muscular frighten away and muscular soreness. Muscular fatigue results from a sledding of muscle functions and is largely depend upon the type of muscle fibre being used. Different exercises will use different muscle fibres therefore, different kinds of exercise will cause muscle fatigue differently. For example, in static activity total heat ions increase, glycolysis is inhibited, fewer calcium ions are released in the sarcoplasmic reticulum and there is an occlusion of blood flow. Any of these, if enough or a combination of all of them, can cause muscle fatigue. Muscle soreness is the aforementioned(prenominal) idea as overexertion (Plowman Smith, 2011, p. 547). There are two types immediate-onset soreness and obstructed-onset muscle soreness. Immediate-onset soreness is paroxysm that occurs during and immediately after exercise. When over exercising hydrogen ion concentration and lactic acid levels increase, this increase causes an over stimulation of pain receptors. It is believed that this is what cause immediate-onset soreness. However, it is not sure what causes delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS). DOMS is the pain that is snarl at least eight hours after exercising and, reaches peaks and falls over the next ninety-si x hours. Athletes and trainers must beware to avoid these conditions because it can affect athletic participation and performance (Plowman Smith, 2011).Different exercises lead to muscle fatigue differently than another type of exercise. This is the same as the adaptations seen in our muscular system. Different kinds of exercises will lead to different adaptations. Resistance training is used to improve overall health, improve athletic performance rehabilitate injuries, and change physical appearance (Plowman Smith, 2011, p. 580). Muscular adaptions, however, also rely heavily on their individual goals and occur at different rates. Trainers must remember to apply a training program based on the individual or team and their capabilities (Plowman Smith, 2011).Metabolism, cardiovascular system, and the muscular system are the main aspects of our body that are affected by exercise. However, our other systems are also affected. Our skeletal system is important for protection, support, mineral storage, hematopoiesis and movement. Studies have shown that exercise has a positive effect on bone health and helps avoid disease such as osteoporosis. Physical activity creates an increase in automatic force that leads to mechanotransduction. Mechanotransduction is the process of osteocytes modelling and remodelling the bones. This makes the bone stronger. Bending our bones also causes stress (compressive and tensile stress) that changes the hydrostatic pressure of our bones. The change in pressure increases the movement of the precarious within the bone. Fluid in the bone carries the nutrients and wastes as well as results in the formation of new bone. Exercise helps the body to reach peak bone mass while still growing, invalidate menopause and slow down bone loss that occurs later in life. However, if exercise is done excessively their activity can exceed the reconciling ability of bone, resulting is overuse injury (Plowman Smith, 2011, p. 501).The nervous system w as seen coming into play with our muscular system however, our nervous system also works with our endocrine system when responding to exercise. When responding to stress in general, our nervous system and the endocrine systems will come into play. Since exercise is a stress, we see a response from the nervous system and the endocrine system. Specifically, the sympathetic and the parasympathetic come into play during different points of the exercise. The sympathetic nervous system (SNS), our fight or flight response, will come into play during exercise. While our parasympathetic nervous system (PNS), rest and digest, will be important for recovery breaking down energy for our muscle recovery, taking deep slow breaths, and so on. The SNS will, during exercise, ensure to call forth our cardiovascular functions, regulate blood flow and maintain blood pressure and thermal balance, and increase fuel mobilisation (Plowman Smith, 2011. It has also been found that after long bouts of exer cise a group of neuropeptides called endogenous opioids is released in the rally nervous system. Endogenous opioids, or opioids, are a famously know as opium from the best and for subsiding pain (Jonsdottir, 2002). While running as pain levels reach certain levels opioids are released, and are also cognise to cause runners second the wind or runners high (Widmaier, Raff Strang, 2008, p. 171).The endocrine system also plays a role when exercising. While exercising there is an increase in the release of our metabolic hormones glucagon, insulin, growth hormone, epinephrine and norepinephrine. These hormones work unneurotic to maintain blood glucose levels and mobilise fuel for ATP production. Epinephrine and norepinephrine also help to enhance cardiac function and maintain fluid and electrolyte balance. Adaptive, our endocrine system may change due to exercise. However, it depends on the individual. The adaptation could make the individual more sensitive to lower levels of hormone so that the same effect occurs following training even without a changing baseline (Plowman Smith, 2011, p. 645).Our immune system will also respond to exercise. It has been found that will moderate exercise will lead to higher amount and activity of neutrophils, natural killer cells, B and T cells, macrophages, and more. Thus fashioning out immune system stronger. However, during excessive exercise, we see a decrease in natural killer cells, lymphocytes and neutrophils. It is believed that this is likely for the vulnerability to acute infections.No pain, no gain, is what is often said among friends when exercising. It is important to remember that exercise is a stressor, and that one will feel pain as a result. It is also important to beware of the effects of over-exercising. Exercise, if done right, can help avoid, delay and lessen the effects of disease as well enhance our bodies to function to its prime.

Character Analysis Of Hamlet

font Analysis Of critical point settlement is very brave in that he does non fear a ch appreh blocklyenge. Hamlet at generation weed prove to be very cautious, at times he thinks when he should act, however when you are queen regnant at that place potful be advisors for such(prenominal) matters. Beware Of entrance to a quarrel besides universe in, Beart that the foreign whitethorn beware of thee. Give every man thy ear, but a couple of(prenominal) thy voice Take each mans censure, but reserve thy judgment. Costly thy vestments as thy purse can buy, But non expressd in come across rich, not gaudy For the apparel oft proclaims the man. (William Shakespeare, Hamlet, Act 1 guesswork 3) Many times in history leaders should stand thought, when or else they acted on impulse, for example Odysseus, from The Odyssey when he and his men escaped the island of the Cyclops sooner of tuc tabby his tail and being happy with his slight victory afterward pickings numerous endur es, he kinda taunted the Cyclops and brought harm near his faction and to himself. For Odysseus did not know that the father of this monster was the water god Poseidon. Odysseus like all heroes, his main d causefall was hubris, and because Hamlet thinks so to begin with he acts he avoids mistakes like this adding to his attributes as a technical leader. He can also be as brave as Hercules, for instance when he travels to see the Ghost of his father for the first time, he could have drop back and ran from the very sight of it, but instead he ran after it and confronted the Ghost and demanded answers. He did not fear what he could not comprehend as his companions that accompanied him did, instead he was assertive and got to the bottom of the matter. near different account when Hamlet showed quick thinking and bravery was when he intercepted a earn from his Uncle Claudius to the King of England ordering the devastation of Hamlet on his range of a function to England, ins tead of running and hiding Hamlet used his wits and changed the letter from his head to be had to that of his deliverers. Then in a challenge of swords by Laretes, known to be one of the very best swordsman in his land, Hamlet does not back down. Hamlet takes the challenge head on proving his worth in battle.The fact that Hamlet is his fathers son is very important, he was there behind his father forever and a day watching and observing how a king did and should behave, he saw his fathers bravery and his mistakes and Hamlet could use all these experiences to bugger off himself a better king even better than his father. He is of a bloodline of kings, a tradition that is to be kept and Hamlet would have been next in line. The job of taking the tidy sum was in his blood when he assumed the responsibility, ready or not he would have known what to do. There is nothing either right(a) or bad, but thinking makes it so. (William Shakespeare, Hamlet, Act 2 mental picture 2)Hamlet repre sent subjection to his rural his father and his mother. He even showed love and committedness to his mother after he found forbidden the role she took sidetrack in aiding Claudius to take the life of her first husband, the king and take the throne and her bed. She knowingly lay in bed with the man that killed her husband the king and Hamlet still loved and forgave her. He became angry with her at times but his loyalty was not shaken. He showed an immense amount of loyalty to one person unwaveringly throughout the play, Horatio. Horatio was Hamlets confidant and best recall dose throughout much of the play Horatio was the only person that Hamlet could unfeignedly trust. Horatio was the only man that did not play pawn to the king in an attempt to change and alter the feelings of Hamlet in the matters of his fathers death and his impudent uncle-father-in-law. Hamlets ultimate allegiance lied with his father, his father asked Hamlet to avenge his death by any means necessary and if it meant to slander his name or the name of his family so be, it or if it ultimately meant death then he shied away from that neither. Neither a borrower nor a lender be For contribute oft loses both itself and friend, And borrowing dulls the edge of husbandry. This above all to thine own self be true, And it must follow, as the night the day, Thou canst not then be false to any man. (William Shakespeare, Hamlet, Act 1 scene 1)Hamlet attended the University of Wittenberg and he was not there just as a noble trophy he learned and he was a highly educated man. Throughout much of the play Hamlet is drunkard with anger, vengeance and sorrow, and these emotions clouded his mind and altered his actions. While Hamlet was not himself at times and he would say things that many thought pip the wall or out of the ordinary, his next words could make complete sense and be beautifully stated. Hamlet showed his intelligence by expressing his thoughts and feelings on complex ideas such as li fe and death, humanity, human nature, and light and night. To be, or not to be that is the questionWhether tis nobler in the mind to suffer. The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune, Or to take arms over against a sea of troubles, And by opposing end them? To die to quietude No more and by a sleep to say we end The heartache and the thousand natural shocks That flesh is heir to,t is a consummation Devoutly to be wishd. To die, to sleep To sleep per obtain to dream ay, theres the rub For in that sleep of death what dreams may come, When we have shuffled off this mortal coil, Must give us pause theres the valuate That makes calamity of so languish life For who would stand the whips and scorns of time, The oppressors wrong, the proud mans contumely, The pangs of detested love, the laws delay, The insolence of office and the spurns That patient merit of the unworthy takes, When he himself office his quietus make With a bare bodkin? who would fardels bear, To grunt and swith er under a weary life, But that the dread of something after death, The undis stayd kingdom from whose bourn No traveler way outs, puzzles the will And makes us rather bear those ills we have Than fly to others that we know not of? Thus conscience does make cowards of us all And thus the native hue of resolution Is sicklied oer with the demented cast of thought, And enterprises of great pith and moment With this regard their currents turn awry, And lose the name of action. (William Shakespeare, Hamlet, Act 3 scene 1)Hamlet loves his country and in return his country loves him, he would without a doubt have the confidence and respect of his country. Respect, a very important aspect to a relationship, every relationship that is to work must have respect. The love shown to him by his country may very well have kept Hamlet lively throughout much of the play. In the play before his fathers death everyone in Denmark wanted to be with or more like Hamlet, he was a national icon. After the death of Hamlets father the nation wept for him and showed him pity, for they loved their prince. In the prince was the faith of the people.Claudius became the king through the act of treason, killed his brother and committed other crimes like incest that would question his ability to serve as a good king. That does not mean he is incap able of serving as a true leader but there is evidence that he may be prone to corruption. Claudius had the want to be king and he had some of the basic traits of a good leader but that was not ample to get him through. Claudius like Macbeth suffers from similar evils, they kill the king to become king and the only thing that becomes of their advancement is lies, murder and destruction. They are not able to even enjoy their spoils because the unsolved murder looms over their heads and rains down upon them a shower of lies and blood that haunt their dreams. Shakespeare follows a trend in his plays there is a pot stirrer in each of the plays in M acbeth it was Macduff, always from the start questioning Macbeths loyalty and kingship, and then in Hamlet it was the Prince Hamlet that would not let the issue of the murder of his father leave the capitulum of Claudius mind leaving him forever unsettled. When sorrows come, they come not single spies, but in battalions. (William Shakespeare, Hamlet, Claudius, photo V)In comparison to Hamlet, Odysseus is clearly a hero, specially when he faces moral dilemmas and chooses not to fall prey to his temptations. He makes decisions that would qualify him as a hero when he chooses hardship and death with his family. My brothel keeper goddess, here is no cause for anger. My quiet Penelope-how well I know- Would be a shade before your majesty, Death and old age being unknown to you, While she must die. Yet, it is true, each day I long for home, long for the sight of home. If any god has marked me out again For shipwreck, my tough heart can undergo it. What hardship have I not long since endured At sea, in battle Let the political campaign come. The question that presents itself is, is Odysseus a good leader or a good king in Odysseus case they work separately. Odysseus is a ruler of his lands but he is never there to rule his lands or his people. He instead embarked on quests to gain glory and honor, these were self-fulfilling ambitions. A kings stead is in his people, a king must be self-less and but his peoples best interest before his own if he wished to be a good king. He was not out fighting for his people, his land or his family but he was want glory, a goal that solely benefitted him. Odysseus was not present, not meaning that he did not care, or at times he wanted to return more than anything but it was simple, he was not present to rule, not do him an ideal king. As Odysseuss rule as a leader of his ring of men, he had their utmost respect and they trusted him and served him above all to the death. Odysseus endow his men before himself in certain sit uations but at other times he used his men as mere pawns to reach his goal. For instance when Odysseus returned home and found the suitors battling for his wifes heart, instead of taking action and taking back his home and family he play with them and toyed with them as if he played a game chess.Macbeth above all else showed a burning desire to be king, so strong was his desire that he would kill for it. If chance will have me king, why, chance may crown me. (Macbeth, Act I, Scene 3) Aside from this Macbeth was a liar a murderer and a dark cloud of his actions followed him wherever he went. Macbeth was lost to a spiral out of control of his actions, lies compounded more lies and to cover his tracks he had to kill and to cover that up he had to lie and kill another until the process unavoidable to be repeated, never ending.

Tour Operations Sector Of The Travel Industry

magic spell Operations Sector Of The run IndustryThe aim of this identification is to investigate the stoppage trading operations celestial sphere of the set off and hug drugism manufacture, including the assorted types of factor, their products and services, the scurf of the sector and how it hasbeen affected by trends and developments. Learners will explore the stages gnarly in development a case pass and develop skills associated with determining a shoping price for a pass and the distribution methods used by circle operators to sell holidays.The touch off industry predicts a continuing move away from packages towards independent blend coupled with Britains slow exit from the recession hinderance operator bookings build that the desire to take holidays in 2010 is stronger than ever, as compared to December 2008 to March 2009. (Aito 2010) The strike for cheap deals are no longer the driving factor in expedition operator bookings, consumers are now more con cerned nigh customer service, and this is jumping ahead of price. Spain remains Britains favourite holiday destination. It is familiar to many, and easy to r to each one from across the UK on no-frills airlines. The Canaries Island for example is a bright spot for spell operators with a lot of new-build accommodation everywhere the past decade and more all-inclusive than in other areas. The large-mouthed two are increasingly branding major resort hotels for concomitant client types. The Gran Melia Palacio de Isora in Tenerife will be partition of Thomsons flagship Sensatori resorts brand from May, offering luxury for adults with an emphasis on spa treatments. jump Choice is adding a new Holiday Village in Lanzarote at the Flamingo Beach hotel, offering families all-inclusive holidays in apartment-style accommodation.Specification of AssessmentThis assignment is in two partsT enquire 1 Covers eruditeness result 1 and Learning Outcome 4 (LO1 and LO4)Task 2 Covers Learning Ou tcome 2 and Learning Outcome 3 (LO2 and LO3)TASK 1 You are required to write a report on crack Operations in the 21st Century showing how the Industry has developed, the size, scale and complexities of tour operations today and to examine the implications of current trends and decision do on the industry. Within this task you are anticipate to address LO1 and LO4. (P1, P2, P9 and P10) enliven read requirements 1 and 4 for this task.TASK 2 Within the circumference Operating Industry, you are required to develop and distribute a tour operator package, explain the stages of the product development, draw up timescales, prepare a package costing, evaluate and recommend distribution. Within this task you are expected to address LO2 and LO3. ( P3, P4, P5, P6, P7 and P8) Please read requirements 2 and 3 for this task. prerequisite 1 -Investigate the tour operations sector of the travel and tourism industry chance on the tour operations sector of the travel and tourism industry pull in P11.2 rationalise the effectuate of current and recent trends and developments on the tour operations Sector of the travel and tourism industry materialise P2Desmonstrate creative thinking for tour operations current, recent trends and future developments discussed in Q.1.2 specialization D3Requirement 2 Explore the stages twisty in developing packages2.1 Describe the stages and timescales involved in developing the holiday package Pass P32.2 excuse the suitableness of various methods of contract for variant components of the incase holiday and different types of tour operator Pass P4Determine a merchandising price for a package holiday from given information Pass P5Identify and hold up strategies in developing a package holiday to a item destination as discussed in Q.3.1 Merit M1Present and send remove queueings as required in disbelief 3.3 Merit M3Requirement 3 Review the role of Brochures Methods of Distribution used to sell Package Holidays pardon the think decisions taken for a specified brochure Pass P6Explain the suitability of alternatives to a handed-down brochure for different types of touroperator Pass P73.3 Explain the suitability of different methods of distribution used to sell a holiday for differentTypes of tour operator Pass P8 purpose tiny condemnation and Evaluate the different types of tour operations and different methods ofDistribution used to sell holidays and justify conclusions as discussed in Question 4.3 Distinction D1Requirement 4- Examine strategic and tactical decision make for tour operators4.1 Explain the strategic decisions made by different types of tour operator Pass P94.2 Explain the tactical decisions that could be taken by a specified tour operator in differentSituations Pass P10Apply methods and techniques used by different types of tour operators to make strategic decisions discussed in Question 2.1. Merit M24.4 How to take responsibility for managing and organising activities to e xplicate the pass on decision that could be taken by a specified tour operator in different situations discussed in Question 2.2 Distinction D2 buccaneering and tacit consentAny act of plagiarism and collusion will be seriously dealt with according to the regulations. In this context the definition and scope of plagiarism are presented belowUsing the work of others without acknowledging source of information or inspiration. Even if the words are changed or sentences are put in different order, the result is still plagiarism. (Cortell 2003)Extension and Late SubmissionCollusion describes as the submission of work produced in collaboration for an assignment establish on the perspicacity of individual work. When one person shares his/her work with others who give part of all of it as their own work.If you need an fender for a valid reason, you must request one using a coursework extension request form available from the college. Please none that the lecturers do not have the au thority to extend the coursework deadlines and therefore do not ask them to award a coursework extension.The completed form must be accompany by evidence such as a medical surety in the event of you being sick.OutcomesAssessment criteria for passTo achieve each outcome a learner must demonstrate the ability to1 Investigate the tour operations sector of the travel and tourism industry1.1 Describe the tour operations sector of the travel and tourism industry1.2 Explain the effects of current and recent trends and developments on the tour operations Sector of the travel and tourism industry2 Explore the stages involved in developing packages2.1 Describe the stages and timescales involved in developing the holiday package2.2 Explain the suitability of different methods of contracting for different components of the Package holiday and different types of tour operator2.3 Determine a selling price for a package holiday from given information3 Review the role of brochures and methods of distribution used to sell package holidays3.1 Explain the planning decisions taken for a specified brochure3.2 Explain the planning decisions taken for a specified brochure3.3 Explain the suitability of different methods of distribution used to sell a holiday for differentTypes of tour operator4 Examine strategic and tactical decision making for tour operators4.1 Explain the strategic decisions made by different types of tour operator4.2 Explain the tactical decisions that could be taken by a specified tour operator in different situationsNote either outcomes must be met for a passMerit DescriptorDistinction DescriptorM1 Identify and apply strategies to find appropriate solutions.D1 Use critical reflection to evaluate own work and justify valid conclusions.M2 consider/design and apply appropriate methods/ techniques.D2 take for responsibility for managing and organizing activities.M3 Present and communicate appropriate findings.D3 Demonstrate convergent/lateral/creative thinking. exercise of a Pass gradeA pass grade is achieved by coming upon all the requirements defined in the assessment criteria for each individual unit.Achievement of a be or distinction gradeAll the assessment criteria and merit grade descriptors need to be completed within a unit to achieve a merit grade.All the assessment criteria merit and distinction grade descriptors must be completed within a unit to achieve a distinction grade.Suggested Support MaterialsBooksHolloway J C The Business of touristry (Longman, 1999)Bull A The Economics of Travel and tourism (Longman, 1998)Laws E Managing Packaged Tourism ( multinational Thomson Business Press, 1997)Middleton, Victor T C and Clarke J Marketing in Travel and Tourism, Third edition(Butterworth-Heinemann, 2001)Yale P The Business of Tour Operations (Longman, 2000)Further readingABTA/AITO Code of subscribeABTA HandbookABTA study Bureau Holiday StatisticsCAA document number 221, 384International Passenger SurveyPackage Travel Regu lationsTravel Trade publishTravel WeeklyWebsitesWebsiteswww.abtanet.com Association of British Travel Agentswww.aito.co.uk Association of breakaway Tour Operatorswww.caa.co.uk Civil Aviation Authoritywww.firstchoiceplc.co.uk First Choice Holidayswww.fto.co.uk partnership of Tour Operatorswww.mytravelgroup.com My Travel Groupwww.thomascook.com Thomas Cookwww.tui.com TUIASSESSMENT FEEDBACK rag weekGUILDHALL COLLEGEProgramme BTEC Higher National Diploma (HND) in Travel Tourism ManagementUnit second and Title Unit 15 Tour Operations ManagementUnit Level H1Assignment Ref Number 15.1.1 Tour Operations ManagementModule Tutor Margaret AmankwahEmail emailprotected look Set 22/March/2010Learner Name . Learner IDInformation/feedback on assessment and grading criteriaAssessment Criteria (Pass-P)AchievedEvidenceFeedback RemarksP1Describe the tour operations sector of the travel andtourism industryYes/NoP2 explain the effects of current and recent trends anddevelopments on the tour operatio ns sector of thetravel and tourism industryYes/NoP3 Describe the stages and timescales involved in developing the holiday packageYes/NoP4 explain the suitability of different methods ofcontracting for different components of the packageholiday and different types of tour operatorYes/NoP5 determine a selling price for a package holiday fromgiven informationYes/NoP6 explain the planning decisions taken for a specifiedbrochureYes/NoP7 explain the suitability of alternatives to a traditionalbrochure for different types of tour operatorYes/NoP8 Explain the suitability of different methods ofdistribution used to sell a holiday for different typesof tour operatorYes/NoP9 Explain the strategic decisions made by differenttypes of tour operatorYes/NoP10 explain the tactical decisions that could be taken bya specified tour operator in different situationsYes/NoGrading criteria (Merit-M Destination-D)AchievedEvidenceFeedback RemarksM1 Identify and apply strategies to find appropriate solutions. Yes/NoM2 Select/design and apply appropriate methods /techniques.Yes/NoM3 Present and communicate appropriate findingsYes/NoD1 Use critical reflection to evaluate own work and justify valid conclusions.Yes/NoD2 Take responsibility for managing and organizing activities.Yes/NoD3 Demonstrate convergent/lateral/creative thinking.Yes/NoAssessors general commentsAssessors Signature booking .Print Name ..Resubmission Date..Learners commentsSignature Date Print Name Feedback of this coursework will normally be given to students quadruplet weeks after the submission of an assignment.

One Flew Over The Cuckoos Nest :: book review, mental illness

Randall Patrick McMurphy is introduced by asking, "Do I look alike a sane man?" Surprisingly enough, the answer was yes in fact, McMurphys sanity takes the ward by storm. None of the patients have met anyone like him. The other patients seem timid and quiet, yet McMurphy is cocky, loud, and confident. He doesnt seem to belong in the hospital at all. Everything about McMurphy marked a sane, logical, and capable man. You could tell that he was a hard working man, and even Dr. Spivey suspected a misdiagnosis, moreover nevertheless McMurphy was in for an experience of a lifetime.Nurse Ratched and her new patient, McMurphy, atomic number 18 in every way opposed to each other, she demanding get the hang, he basking in exemption and independence. Inevitably, as the Nurse asserts her power, McMurphy rebels against it in both intentional and unintentional ways. Nurse Ratched had defeated past troublemakers with electro-shock therapy, or with lobotomies, the latter an operatio n that makes patients obedient members of society at the expense of their individuality. McMurphy was asking for more and more freedom and awakening the other patients to things they have been missing. Nurse Ratched was intent on stamp down this disturbance before it became a major issue.The climax is building when McMurphy comes covering from electro-shock therapy and the rest of the ward is planning his escape. The two prostitutes Sandy and Candy arrest in the ward, and there is a wild party. This is where everything turns to chaos. McMurphy attacks Nurse Ratched, but he is immediately restrained and will never know of the hope he gave Chief. Chief believed that McMurphy made him big enough to finally lift the control panel that he throws through a window to escape.The resolution was try-on to the events of the novel, but it came rather quickly. It seemed as though there was the party, Billy Bibbit move suicide, and McMurphy was lobotomized in just a few pages.

Pope Benedict XVI Biography Essay -- essays research papers

pontiff Benedict xviA Life and Papacy RevealedOn April 19, 2005 Joseph Alois Ratzinger was elected as successor to the devout Pope hindquarters Paul II. He was formally enthroned during the papal inauguration Mass on April 24, 2005 and chose the name of Pope Benedict cardinal (Wiki P. Ben sixteen bio). Elected at the age of 78 Pope Benedict xvi was the oldest to be elected Pope since Clement XII in 1730 (Wiki P. Ben xvi bio). Pope Benedict is whole the eight German Pope to be elected into office the last being Adrian VI (1522-1523) (Wiki P. Ben cardinal bio).His too soon LifeJoseph Alois Ratzinger was born on Holy Saturday April 16, 1927 at his p atomic number 18nts home in Marktl am Inn, Ger some(prenominal) (Ewtn P. Ben XVI bio). He was the first person baptized in the Easter Water and blessed at the Easter Vigil (Ewtn P. Ben XVI bio). His father, Joseph Ratzinger Sr., was a policeman from a family of farmers from lower Baveria and his mother, Maria Ratzinger, was from a family of southeast Tyrol (Ewtn P. Ben XVI bio). In 1929 Joseph and his family moved to Tittmoning, a small town on the Salzach River, on the Austrian border (Ewtn P. Ben xvi bio). In 1932 his fathers outspoken literary criticism of the Nazis required the family to relocate to Auschau am Inn (Wiki P. Ben XVI bio). His father retired in 1937, and his family moved to Hufschlag, out grimace of Traunstein (Wiki P. Ben XVI bio). There Joseph began studying classical languages at his local high school (Ewtn P. Ben XVI bio). In 1939, he entered the baby bird seminary in Traunstein, his first step toward the priesthood (Ewtn P. Ben XVI bio).Military BackroundWorld fight II forced a postponement of young Ratzingers studies. In 1943, at the age of 16, Ratzinger was drafted with many of his friends into the anti-aircraft artillery corps (Wiki P. Ben XVI bio). Ratzinger and his classmates were affix all over Europe to help in guarding aircraft engine plants (Wiki P. Ben XVI bio). Accordin g to John Allen, author of Cardinal Ratzinger The Vaticans Enforcer of Faith, Ratzinger was only briefly a member and not an enthusiastic one at that. This was mostly due to the fact that an infected finger prevented him from learning how to hire (Time 40). On September 10, 1944, Ratzinger was given new notice for the Reichsarbeitsdienst (Wiki P. Ben XVI bio). He was posted at the H... ...bio). Others also maintain that single quotes from Dominus Iesus are not indicative of intolerance or an unwillingness to engage in conference with other faiths, and this is clear from a reading of the entire register (Locker P. Ben XVI bio). They point out that Ratzinger has been very active in promoting inter-faith discourse (Locker P. Ben XVI bio). Specifically, they argue that Ratzinger has been instrumental at encouraging reconciliation with Lutherans (Locker P. Ben XVI bio). In defending Dominus Iesus, Benedict himself has stated that his belief is that inter-faith dialogue should take place on the basis of equal human dignity, tho that equality of human dignity should not imply that each side is equally correct (Locker P. Ben XVI bio). There are many views on how people feel Pope Benedict will do objet dart he holds the title of Pope .When asked about her overall thought of Pope Benedict XVI Lea Gagliardo, a religion teacher for many years, said she feels that he will be a wonderful duration of the beloved ways of John Paul II. Overall the attitude seems to be that Benedict will be a great Christina leader and he will be able to continue the ways of the beloved John Paul II.

Plasmid Extraction :: essays research papers

IntroductionChitobiase, from Vibrio harveyi, is a membrane strangle lipoprotein involved in the degradation of chitin. Chitobiase is similar to and may share a common ancestry to the a-chain of human b-hexos-aminidase. Chitobiase is encoded by chb. In this experiment, a parturiency map for restriction enzymes Eco R1, Pst1 and Hind III utilise Southern crosswalk and restriction synopsis of pRSG 192. pRSG 192 is a recombinant plasmid derived from the chb gene and pUC 19, a 2.7kb engineered plasmid which encodes for ampicillin resistance, a portion of the lac operon and a multiple copy section . The chb gene exists as a 3.6 kb insert in the mutiple cloning region of pUC 19.The major goals of Experiment One will be to sequestrate pRSG 192 from an all-night culture of E. coli, amplify a region of the chb gene using PCR, and to map restriction sites within the chb gene using restriction analysis and Southern hybridization. Methods Plasmid IsolationFour microfuge tubes containing c ell pellets representing 3.0ml of cells(2 x 1.5ml) from an overnight culture of E. coli were prepared. The supernatant fluid was discarded and each pellet was resuspended in 150ul of TE buffer(10mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.0 0.1 EDTA). 300ul of SDS(1% SDS, 0.2 N NaOH) was added to each pellet. The tubes were placed on glass for five minutes, after which, 225ul of ice-cold 3M potassium acetate(pH 4.8) was added. The tubes were again placed on ice for five minutes and subsequently microfuged for five minutes. The supernatants were aged and transferred to refreshful tubes. One volume of phenol/chloroform was added to each new tube. The tubes were shake smartly for two minutes and centrifuged for five minutes. The upper, aqueous phase was recovered and transferred to a new tube. One volume of chloroform was added to each tube. The tubes were vigorously mixed and microfuged for three minutes.

Wireless Communication Security Essay -- Research Paper Technology Pap

Wireless Communication Security thieve In at onces society advances in technology be growing rapidly. Businesses and people are taking full advantage of the up(a) ways of transmitting data internally and externally. One of the mediums today in transmitting data is via wireless communication systems.It is obvious that this data depart need to be safe(p) for many reasons. These will be the questions I will pose in this writing. Will this be a secure means of transmitting data? How sure are we of the means of credential that we wealthy person available to us as consumers of this technology?The answers to these questions will be in a form of an opinion that I will have developed myself. I am not qualified to give a determination. I hope one day with continuing my education and make believe experience I will develop that qualification.IntroductionThis research paper is on a very important topic (Wireless Communication Security). The certification of wireless communic ation is becoming much critical in todays society and its future as well. While the technology is rapidly growing, businesses and people are eager to embrace the technology and use it to pay off more competitive in the business world and even more convenient with daily use in the personal setting. The question concerning this troubled growing technology will be the issue of security and the uprightness of the data being transferred over these systems.In most cases, having this data seen by roundone other than the client that it is intended for could be detrimental in both cases (professionally and personally). For example if you have certain financial account come that are exposed, this could result in catastrophic problems. If a business has some protected... ...y of 802.11Retrieved June 22, 2003, From Galileo, Computer and Information Systems Abstracts, http//neptune3.galib.uga.edu/cgi-bin/hompage.cgi d NASA Advanced Super Computing category Category Development, Clas s public, Revision 3.0. 09-13-02Retrieved on July 8, 2003 fromhttp//www.nas.nasa.gov/Groups/Networks/Projects/wireless/index.html William A. Arbaugh, YC Justin Wan, Naren Aar Shankar, 03-30-01 Your 802.11 wireless networks has no clothes University of Maryland Department of CSISRetrieved July 8, 2003, Fromhttp//www.cs.umd.edu/waa/wireless.pdfSultan Weatherspoon, Security (Intel)Intel Technology journalRetrieved July 8, 2003, Fromhttp//developer.inte.com/technology/itj/q2200/articles/art_5.htmHenry Norr, 2001, Security Fix for WirelessRetrieved July 8, 2003, Fromhttp//sfgate.com/cgi_bin/article.cgi?file

The Relationship Between Confucianism And Buddhism Essay -- Confuciani

It is often said that, aside from the impact of Marxism on twentieth- ampere-second China, the single other time when the Chinese looked beyond their own borders for intellectual nutrition was during the period when Buddhism was absorbed from India (LaFleur 23). Why did this piety appeal to the Chinese when they do by so many other external influences? After all, being fix to the rest of the world by the Silk Road meant they were constantly inundated with falsehood concepts from far and wide. The answer must lie in how Buddhism interacted with the other combines already established in the country, namely Confucianism and Daoism (sometimes spelled Taoism). While at first peek it may appear that Confucian China would be the last family Buddhism would find a niche, it was in fact the combination of Confucianism and Daoism that laid a foundation at least slightly receptive toward this new faith from India. This paper will focus master(prenominal)ly on the interaction among Bu ddhism and Confucianism. Buddhism made it to China over land in the first century C.E. from the northwest and by sea in the second century C.E. The main influence, however, came from the northwest via the Silk Road (Zuercher 415). In fact, Buddhisms main avenue of expansion was on trade routes throughout Asia. According to Jason Neelis, trade as a fomite for the expansion of Buddhism is reflected in the fact that the religion spread in an asymmetric pattern unlike typical diffusion (Neelis 7). It was the Theravada branch in limited that has been associated with trade. Mahayana, on the other hand focused on the more settled, pastoral lifestyle. Ironically it is this branch that took hold in China. Once trade brought the religion within Chinas bor... ...Encyclopaedia Britannica, 2012. Web. 6 October. 2012. LaFleur, William R. Buddhism A Cultural Perspective. Ed. Robert S. Ellwood. velocity Saddle River, NJ Prentice Hall, 1988. Neelis, Jason. Early Buddhist Transmission and fo xiness Networks Mobility and Exchange within and beyond the Northwestern Borderlands of South Asia. Leiden Brill, 2011. Powers, John. Introduction to Tibetan Buddhism. 2nd ed. Ithaca, NY Snow Lion, 2007. Saunders, Kenneth J. Buddhism in China A Historical Sketch. The daybook of Religion 3 (1923) 157-69. Shien, Gi-Ming. The Epistemology of Buddhism, Taoism and Confucianism. Philosophy 28 (1953) 260-264. Zuercher, Erik. Buddhism in China. In The cyclopaedia of Religion, edited by Mircea Eliade, vol. 2, 414-21. New York MacMillan, 1987.

A Feminist Perspective of Kate Chopins The Story of an Hour Essay

A Feminist place of Kate Chopins The Story of an bitKate Chopin employs the tool of irony in The Story of an Hour to carefully convey the problem inherent in womens unequal eccentric in marital relationships. Chopin develops a careful plot in coiffure to demonstrate this idea, maven not socially pleasant at the lay off of the 19th century, and unfortunately, a conception that still does not appreciate general acceptance today, 100 years later as we near the repeal of the 20th century. Louise Mallards death, foreshadowed in the initial line Knowing that Mrs. Mallard was untune with heart trouble takes on quite a different signification when the plot twists and the context of her sudden death is presented unexpectedly, not upon her shock at her husbands death, but instead in her inability to endure the fact that he lives. While Chopins employment of irony presents a socially unaccepted concept in a more acceptable format, it is the authors use of perspective that increases the disturb of her message. Chopins point susceptibility be lost, perhaps entirely, if the reader were not apprised from Louises viewpoint. While the other characters are oblivious to her actual rapture in death, although it is described as such When the doctors came they said she had died of heart disease - of joy that kills, their definition of this joy equates to her love for her husband. In contrast, because Chopin writes from the perspective of Louise, we understand that the sporadic love she feels for her husband, love itself dismissed as the unsolved mystery, pales in comparison to the joy she feels upon the discovery that she can now live with the possession of assumption which she suddenly recognized as the strongest impulse of her being. ... ...for his wife Louise, Chopin writes to stress the questionable assumption inherent in an unequal relationship in which one individual exercises their powerful will to bend others. Louise Mallard finds personal peculiarity in her husbands death, ready to face the world as a consentaneous person She breathed a quick prayer that bread and butter might be long. It was only yesterday (prior to her husbands death) she had thought with a shudder that life might be long. The strength conveyed in the image of Louise carrying herself unwittingly alike(p) a goddess of Victory is unmistakable. However, the irony that her husband lives, and therefore, she cannot, conveys the limited options socially acceptable for women. Once Louise Mallard recognizes her desire to live for herself, and the impossibility of doing so at bottom the bounds of her marriage, her heart will not allow her to turn back.

Dont Talk To Cops :: essays research papers

Dont Talk to Cops"GOOD MORNING My name is investigator Holmes. Do you assessment answering a some simple questions?" If you open your door wholeness day and are greeted with thosewords, STOP AND THINK Whether it is the local police or the FBI at your door,you have certain legal rights of which you ought to be aware so iodinr you proceedany further.In the first place, when law enforcement authorities baffle to see you,there are no "simple questions". Unless they are learn into a trafficaccident, you can be sure that they want knowledge ab off somebody. And thatsomebody may be youRule number one to remember when confronted by the authorities is thatthere is no law requiring you to let loose with the police, the FBI, or therepresentative of any other investigative agency. Even the simplest questionsmay be loaded and the seemingly harmless bits of instruction which you volunteermay later become vital links in a filament of circumstantial evidence against youo r a friend.DO NOT lure THE INVESTIGATOR INTO YOUR HOMESuch an invitation not only gives him the opportunity to look around forclues to your lifestyle, friends, reading material, etc., but also tends toprolong the conversation. The longer the conversation, the more possibility there isfor a skill investigator to find out what he wants to know.Many times a police officer give ask you to accompany him to the policestation to answer a few questions. In that case, simply thank him for theinvitation and indicate that you are not prone to accept it at this time.Often the authorities simply want to hit a person for identificationpurposes, a procedure which is easily consummate by placing him in a privateroom with a bipartisan mirror at the station, asking him a few innocent questions,and indeed releasing him.If the investigator becomes angry at your failure to cooperate andthreatens you with arrest, jib firm. He cannot legally place you infra arrestor place down your home withou t a warrent signed by a judge. If he indicates that hehas such a warrent, ask to see it. A person under arrest, or located on premisesto be searched, generally must be shown a warrent if he requests it and must begiven to chance to read it.Without a warrent, an officer depends solely upon your helpfulness toobtain the information he wants. So, unless you are quite sure of yourself,dont be helpful.Probably the wisest salute to take to a persistant investigator is

The Graduate Essay example -- essays research papers

prospect by Shot AssignmentBen enters his way and is at ease finally. The music stops and the revolve close to is on him. The room is well lit and his head is leaned against the white door, which gives the listening a sense of escape. As he makes his way toward the window, we see a ostentateboard next to his discernroom door that has not one of the flit on the correct target. One has even found itself on the wall. everyplace his bed we see pictures of planes and diddle planes pointed in every perpetration as maybe parallel to his life. The camera holds a forte close-up as Ben looks dispirited through his window after he takes a hesitant walk of life over to that position.InterpretationHe feels that himself in his room with nobody else around ensures him isolation that he is yearning for. However, the un-aimed darts contradicts the rooms solidness and assurance. Just as his life as we later see the dart board is just as disorganized as Ben.Shot 2Observation date 3 second sBen looks down through the window. The camera shows the defend of his head in the right foreground and the guests at the poolside in the left wing background. We see the shot in high angle. The guests are laughing, having drinks and seem to be enjoying themselves. Ben looks on as if the party was not in his favor.InterpretationThe close-up of Ben look unwrap the window shows the viewer that he is searching for an escape out of the situation that is current in his house. He wants to be elsewhere barely has no conceit at the moment where exactly that elsewhere should be. He looks very disappointed and even hopeful at the same clock time to disappear to anformer(a) location as if by magic.Shot 3ObservationDuration 7secondsBen walks from his window to the bed. His journey there is slow and seldom. His bed is gray and black as he showcases not only the toy airplanes above his bed but also pictures of airplanes pointed in different locations. on that point is not really a burst o f color in his room beside those protruding inside of the fish tank. The view is very blatant and not at all flamboyant. InterpretationHe has no sense of direction or happiness in his room. Even though he earlier wanted to be alone, he pay offs himself now too lonely. He guarantees to puzzle some form of movement within his confinement when he is drawn to sit near the fish tank.Shot 4ObservationDuration 12 secondsBen... ...nly significance in the overall story, but they refine Bens expressed statements. Women are constantly surrounding Ben. The kiss from the older charr anticipates the affair with Mrs. Robinson. The entire social class portrays a wealthy medium classed people in society coming together in an attempt to draft a new member, (Ben). They have high expectations and aspirations for him. The family friends refer to Ben other than his name as a method of showcasing somehow unintentionally his accomplishments to a greater extent than his personality. He as a person is not highlighted in both way, shape or form. This introduces Bens desire to explore himself eventually find himself outside of the track. The cutting paces are roughly the same length believably because it symbolizes uniformity and even stable day-to-day sequences of a day in the life of Ben. The husband-wife exchanges are very opinionated as far as what is best for the child. Bens attempt to escape to escape leads to left-right tracking shots to buzz off his confused direction movement throughout the film. He wants to do something that is his idea and not those of his parents, which he succeeds at doing throughout the film with Mrs. Robinson.

economic Essay -- essays research papers

Globalisation - Economic Growth and training and phylogeny indicators.Outline the differences between economic harvest and economic development. Discuss how economic development may be measured. Outline how globalisation may meeting upon a nations development. Where appropriate make reference to a relevant case study.Although economic growth and development atomic number 18 sympathetic in look uponing, they have some essential differences. Economic growth refers to the change magnitude ability of a nation to produce more goods and services. Economic development basically implies that individuals of that nation will be better off and takes into report changes in economic and social structures that will reduce or pass on poerty. Economic development roll in the hay be measured in a number of different ways including the mankind Development Index, a sexual practice Empowerment Measure, a Human Poverty Index and a Human Freedom Index. All of these measures were true by the United Nations Development Program. The innovation Bank also has its own indicator called the World Bank Development Indicator. Globalisation drive out have both negative affects on a nation. It can impact on the levels of economic growth a surface area may experience, impact on levels of unemployment or it may impact on a countrys quality of life. Economic growth is the involution of a countrys productive capacity. This leads to a rise in total national output. Growth can occur in ii different ways the increased use of land, labour, capital letter and entrepreneurial resources by using better technology or management techniques and increased productiveness of existing resource use through rising labour and capital productivity. While theoretically having an increasing national output means great material welfare and a rise in living standards, it does not equate to having higher levels of well being for individuals in that nation. Economic growth can, in fact, have negat ive impacts on a nation including environmental degradation and the loss of traditional cultural values. It also may mean there is greater inequality between different classes in society, that is, the to-do between the rich and the poor may grow. It is for these reasons that economic development measurements are also used. Economic growth as a measure fails to describe for other important social and economic factors such as the surface of the black market, domestic work ... ...e strong progress. Although in the very archaeozoic nineties Poland experienced a sharp decline in GDP, it has since resumed solid growth. In 1999 its GDP growth was 4.1%. The private sector now accounts for over 55% of the total GDP. In early 1990, Poland was experiencing hyper- pomposity with levels of up to 1200%. In 1999 the inflation rate was lowered to 7.3%, which although is still high by developed terra firma standards, is slowly dropping. Also in the early nineties, Poland had huge unemployment rates with just about sectors at around 30%. This has now been lowered to 13%, which once again is high by developed nations standards but is a lot less(prenominal) than the rates experienced early in the decade. Essentially, the difference between economic growth and economic development is that one is a quantitative measure (growth) and the other is a qualitative measure (development). Economic development can be measured using a variety of indicators, mostly developed by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), though another widely used indicator was developed by the World Bank. Globalisation can have many affects on nations, depending on their government policies and also on their economic status.

Lillian Schwartz and Tracey Moffat - Modern Technology and Modern Art E

Lillian Schw contrivancez and Tracey Moffat - Modern Technology and Modern cheatMany modern artists rehearse high technology equipment in their works. Whereas traditionally artists used a pencil or brush to make well-favoured works of art, artists in the early twenty-first century are forthwith using sound, painting or computer generated images. Digital art developed from simple patterns and shapes made using computer programs to finished works of art which can look as realistic as a water-color or oil painting. Modern art exhibitions often include more(prenominal) videos and installations than traditional painting or drawings. Even artists which use traditional techniques more and more use modern technology such as the internet to introduction their works and communicate with other artists. Modern technology provides a bureau for artists to create works faster with more tools than ever before. I leave alone be discussing the impact of close to of these technologies in r elation to the art of some modern artists. I will argue that modern technology such as the computer and video is another tool for an artist to use in their work. I will especially focus on the video artwork of Tracey Moffat and the computer artwork of Lillian Schwartz as but two examples of artists straightaway who use modern techniques. Moffat is an Australian contemporary artist who uses film extensively as an art-form, and many of her works are based on and hypothecate the modern technology of Hollywood movies and television. Schwartz is an artist who has a long narration of using computer technology to experiment ways of creating and manipulating works of art. She has in like manner written extensively about the topic of computer influence in art, and about art produced by computers.Modern technology is having a considerable impact on rece... ....abc.net.au/rn/arts/atoday/stories/s229128.htmhttp//www.renaissancesociety.org/show/moffat/index.htmlhttp//gallery.discoverymedia .com.au/artzinePub/story.asp?id=219ion=ExNewshttp//www.absolutearts.com/artsnews/2003/12/31/31676.htmlhttp//www.google.com.au/search?q=cachezJNUDV3AGWUJwww.afiresearch.rmit.edu.au/bibliographies_pdfs/tracey_moffatt.pdf+tracey+moffat+video+artist&hl=enhttp//www.wmm.com/ compose/_makers/fm253.htmhttp//www.lillian.com/reviews/http//www.lillian.com/reviews/tv.htmlhttp//www.wmgallery.com/news/schwartz.htmlhttp//www.dam.org/schwartz/http//www.baf.org.uk/2003/eventdetail.asp?ida=4164http//www.avantofestival.com/2003/en/film_lillians.htmlhttp//www.hi-beam.net/fw/fw23/0218.htmlhttp//cm.bell-labs.com/who/lil/narr2000.htmlhttp//www.lumen.net/news/lillianschwartz.html

Walt Whitman :: Essays Papers

Walt Whitman Walt Whitman was born(p) on may 31, 1819, in the West Hills of spacious Island, newfound York. His mother, Louisa vanguard Velsor, a Dutch Quaker, whom he adored, was barely literate. She never have his verse, but gave him unconditional love. His bugger off was an Englishman, and a carpenter who built houses, and a potty disciplinarian. He was a friend of Tom Paine, whose pamphlet Common star (1776), urging the colonists to confound off English domination was in his lean library. It is doubtful that his fuss read any of his sons poetry, or would have understood it if he had. The elderly Walt was too busy with the struggle to support his ever-growing family of nightspot children, four of whom were drawicapped. Walt, the mho of nine, was taken from public school at the old maturate of eleven to attend to support the family. At the age of twelve he started to learn the printers trade, and began to approve the written and printed word. He was mainly self-taught. He read as more than as could, and read such authors as Homer, Dante, Shakespeare and Scott early on in his life. He knew the Bible thoroughly, and as a God-influenced poet, desired to begin a organized religion uniting all of humanity in bonds of friendship. In 1836, at the age of 17, he began his career as a instructor in the one-room schoolhouses of Long Island. He permitted his students to call him by his first name, and devised larn games for them in arithmetic and spelling. He continued to teach school until 1841, when he turned to news media as a full- clipping career. He shortly became editor for a number of Brooklyn and New York papers. From 1846 to 1847 Whitman was the editor of the Brooklyn Daily Eagle. Whitman went to New siege of siege of Orleans in 1848, where he was editor for a brief time of the New Orleans Crescent. In that city he had fabricate fascinated with the french language. Many of his poems contain words of French derivatio n. It was in New Orleans that he experienced at first hand the inhumanity of slavery in the slave markets of that city. On his return to Brooklyn in the fall of 1848, he founded an abolitionist newspaper, the Brooklyn Freeman. Between 1848 and 1855 he create the style of poetry that caught the attention of literary men such as Ralph Waldo Emerson.Walt Whitman Essays PapersWalt Whitman Walt Whitman was born on May 31, 1819, in the West Hills of Long Island, New York. His mother, Louisa Van Velsor, a Dutch Quaker, whom he adored, was barely literate. She never read his poetry, but gave him unconditional love. His father was an Englishman, and a carpenter who built houses, and a stern disciplinarian. He was a friend of Tom Paine, whose pamphlet Common Sense (1776), urging the colonists to throw off English domination was in his sparse library. It is doubtful that his father read any of his sons poetry, or would have understood it if he had. The senior Walt was too busy wi th the struggle to support his ever-growing family of nine children, four of whom were handicapped. Walt, the second of nine, was taken from public school at the age of eleven to help support the family. At the age of twelve he started to learn the printers trade, and began to admire the written and printed word. He was mainly self-taught. He read as much as could, and read such authors as Homer, Dante, Shakespeare and Scott early in his life. He knew the Bible thoroughly, and as a God-influenced poet, desired to initiate a religion uniting all of humanity in bonds of friendship. In 1836, at the age of 17, he began his career as a teacher in the one-room schoolhouses of Long Island. He permitted his students to call him by his first name, and devised learning games for them in arithmetic and spelling. He continued to teach school until 1841, when he turned to journalism as a full-time career. He soon became editor for a number of Brooklyn and New York papers. From 1846 to 1 847 Whitman was the editor of the Brooklyn Daily Eagle. Whitman went to New Orleans in 1848, where he was editor for a brief time of the New Orleans Crescent. In that city he had become fascinated with the French language. Many of his poems contain words of French derivation. It was in New Orleans that he experienced at first hand the inhumanity of slavery in the slave markets of that city. On his return to Brooklyn in the fall of 1848, he founded an abolitionist newspaper, the Brooklyn Freeman. Between 1848 and 1855 he developed the style of poetry that caught the attention of literary men such as Ralph Waldo Emerson.

A Night in Afghanistan Essay -- Personal Narrative, Descriptive Essay

Shhhh my mother whispered as the tanks rumbled by on a lower floor the cold Afghan night, the stars twinkling above the mountains surrounding us. From our hiding orchestrate in the brush on the shoulder of the dirt path by the Khyber Pass, I could see tanks stretching to infinity and, try as I might, I could not find an end to the convoy of trucks. Huddled on with my father, mother, and infant brother and sister, we peered anxiously as the Russian Spetsnaz scouts rolled past times us in jeeps ahead of the convoy heading toward the Afghanistan-Pakistan resile-the very posture our destination lay.   My brother began to whimper. My mother began to pray. It seemed as if the line of tanks would never end. Finally, as the last of them rolled by, silence engulfed us. My father had been planning for months for our flight into Pakistan along the Khyber road and we could not stop now. Our nerves were frayed. We had not slept for three years since being smuggled out of the capital a nd the 15-mile walk across the border might have well been 15 hundred miles. My father stop for a moment and fished a small, empty... ...  To mean solar day, that pouch of a few ounces of demesne that my father gathered during our last hours in Afghanistan lies on a desk in his study, reminding me of what I have lost, of another place filled with memories that I utilize to call home. But today, what I call home is in orange County, California, half a world away from Afghanistan. Perhaps one day I will go back to see what is left after the years of war and strife and once again relax in our old backyard, or go to pick apples in an orchard in the Maymana district. But I will go back only to visit.

Sigmund Freud Essays -- Papers

Sigmund FreudSigmund Freud was the first of cardinal children to be born into his warmness class, Jewish family. His father was a wool merchant, and was the provider for the family. From the m Freud was a child, he pondered theories in math, science, and philosophy, but in his teens, he took a deep interest in what he later on called psychoanalysis. He wanted to discover how a persons mind works, so he began to explore the conscious and unconscious parts of ones psyche. Freuds parents and siblings were directly involved in allowing him to pursue this unexplored area of psychology. He was given his own style so that he could study his books in silence, and was only disturbed when it was time to eat. Freud eventually married Martha Bernays. She was cooperative and completely subservient to her husband. She was simply alter a role that the society during that time insisted was proper for all women. Freud himself derived his attitudes toward women and his beliefs near the roles of individual sexes from personal experiences in the strict culture of the time. In the middle to late eighteen hundreds, Central European society distinguished intelligibly between the roles of men and women. Cultural norms dictated that men be amenable for work outside of the home, and the financial well being of the family, while the womens responsibilities were in the home and with the children. With these specific gender roles came the assumption of male dominance and female person submission. Females were pictured as serene, calm, creatures that were lucky to have the love and protection of their select husbands. It is in this form of the family where most children first learn the meaning and use of hierarchical, authoritarian rule. Here is where they l... ...pabilities as humans. This narrow-minded nature only succeeded in making women more and more determined to prove their worth to members of the blow sex. Although Freud was leading the pack of male chauvinists in the late nineteenth hundred he has since been overpowered by females that are no longer afraid to word what they feel or act on their impulses. BibliographyBIBLIOGRAPHY Bell Hooks feminist Theory From Margin to Center. c.1984 by bell hooks South curiosity Press 2) Freud, Sigmund Femininity from Juanita H. Williams, ed. Psychology of Women. NY W.W. Norton, 1979 3) Hunter College Womens Studies Collective Womens Realities, Womens Choices NY Oxford University Press, 1983 4) Smithsonian World sex The Enduring Paradox NYC UNAPIX Entertainment Inc., 1996 5) Williams, Juanita H. Psychology of Women NY W.W. Norton & Company, 1987